Matheny 1999.) used to determine how much water a tree needs after planting but these are a guide only and no two sites are the same and I cannot emphasise enough that you must evaluate the planting site, understand the conditions you are working in and consider the weather conditions because these factors will determine how often and how much. There are many guides and formulas (Gilman 1997, K. Then make any physical changes to the planting site before planting to provide the best environment possible for the successful establishment of the newly planted tree. You must familiarise yourself with the characteristics of your planting site, each situation is different.
It is difficult to follow these recommendations as there are many variables that can affect the transpiration rate which in turn determines the amount of water and frequency required. There has been a lot written on the amount and frequency of water required for newly transplanted trees. Trees cannot use this moisture outside the root ball until the roots grow into the back fill. The root ball has to be watered when it dries out, even when the surrounding soil is moist, because water will not move from the surrounding soil into the root ball unless the soil is saturated. Root balls of trees can dry out several hours to one day after irrigation (Nelms and Spomer 1983). For example trees planted into lawns that are irrigated regularly can cause over watering as a lot of this water runs over the soil surface and collects in the loose soil of the planting hole. Systems designed for garden beds or lawns can lead to over and under watering. What ever system is used regular monitoring is required so the correct amount can be given. This can range from watering by hose from tankers or mains or a low volume irrigation system.
The irrigation system that is selected should be separate from any other system and be specific for trees. However more plants die from being planted too deep, too much or too little water, poor drainage, inadequate preparation of the planting site and no on going maintenance program to ensure proper establishment and long term survival. When newly planted trees die, blame is often placed on bad plants, insects or disease. So therefore it is essential that the trees you purchase have a well develop root system and we believe at Mt William Advanced Tree Nursery the best way of doing this is by purchasing a tree in an air pruned containers (Rocket Pot®), or from a container treated with Spin out ®. This is why it is very important to plant into non compacted, aerated soil to encourage roots to elongate and to extend out into a larger soil volume as quickly as possible. It is very important to make sure the root ball moisture levels are correct as the tree relies heavily on this during the first growing season. Temperature, light, nutrients, and other factors are usually less limiting than water for the initial period after planting. Even if soil moisture is adequate, the root system may not be able to absorb water fast enough to completely satisfy the needs of the plant. Growth rate will slow immediately after transplanting and recover to pre-transplanting levels as the root system regenerates and post planting stress is reduced.Īfter planting, water is usually the most limiting factor. To determine if a plant is fully established compare growth rates before and after transplanting.
Adequate irrigation promotes quick establishment by encouraging rapid root growth into the landscape soil. All trees need regular irrigation during establishment the amount depends on climate with temperature and rainfall being the main influences. Trees will establish quicker in warmer climates than cooler.
The establishment period can last from 3 months to 3 years depending on size and when planted. In broad terms by the end of the establishment period a tree should have regenerated enough roots to keep it alive without additional irrigation. What is the establishment period and how long is it.
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